Hard carbons are generally used on older type motors or on current collection devices. They can be used in switching devices such as elevators to determine floor level.
Graphitic carbons are generally softer and can be used on motors with sliprings or commutators these materials tend to form a thicker skin on the surface of the collector and can help with commutation.
Electrographitic carbons are strong carbons more suited for modern new motors the material has been treated at a very high temperature by passing very high current through the carbon until it reaches temperatures in the region of 2-2500 degrees C.
Metal graphitic carbon contains metal this is usually copper but it may contain small amounts of other metals such as tin, white metal, antimony etc. These contacts may have to carry large currents or develop low voltage drops when carrying data signals.
Silver graphite is mainly used in cases where a low current or voltage is being generated such as in tacho generators video or audio signals or where transducer signals are being produced.
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UpDated 05-04-2001